参考文献《第1章》
- L. C. Wood, D. S. Cooper, and E. C. Ridgway. Your Thyroid, A Home Reference. 3rd ed. (New York: Ballantine Books, 1995), 215-219.
- R. Arem and D. Escalante, “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Significance, ” Advances in Internal Medicine 41 (1996): 213-50.
- S. I. Sherman, P. Nadkarni, and R. Arem, “Outcomes of a Community TSH Screening Program” (abstract presented at the Seventy-ninth Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Minneapolis, June 11, 1997).
- L. Wartofsky, “The Scope and Impact of Thyroid Disease,” Clinical Chemistry 42, no. 1 (1996): 121-24.
- R. J. Graves, “Newly Observed Affection of the Thyroid Gland in Females,” Lodon Medical Surgical Journal 7, part 2 (1835): 516.
- Collections from the unpublished writings of the late C. H. Parry, London, Under-woods, 1825.
- W. W. Gull, “On a Cretinoid State Supervening in Adult Life in Women,” Transitional Clinical Society (London) 7 (1873): 180-85.
- G. Lewis and S. Wessely, “The Epidemiology of Fatigue: More Questions Than Answers, ” Journal of Epidemiology and Commanity Health 46 (1992): 92-97.
- D. B. Kamerow, “Anxiety and Depression in the Medical Setting: An Overview,” Medical Clinics of North America 72 (1988): 745-51.
- R. C. Kessler, K. A. McGonagle, S. Zhao, et al., “Lifetime and Twelve-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Study,” Archives of General Psychiatry 51 (1994): 8-19.
- D. A. Regier, R. M. A. Hirschfeld, F. K. Goodwin, et al., “The NIMH Depression Awareness, Recognition, and Treatment Program: Structure, Aims, and Scientific Basis,” American Journal of Psychiatry 145 (1988): 1351-57.
- K. B. Wells, R. D. Hays, M. A. Burnham, et al., “Detection of Depressive Disorders for Patients Receiving Prepaid or Free-for-Service Care: Results from the Medical Out-comes Study, ” Journal of the American Medical Association 262 (1989): 3298-3302.
- W. Katon, M, Von Korff, E. Lin, et al., “Adequacy and Duration of Antidepressant Treatment in Primary Care,” Medical Care 30 (1992): 67-76.
- V. M. Victoioff, S. J. Mantel, A. Bailetti, et al., “Physical Examinations in Psychiatric Practice,” Ohlo Hospital Comuabsion of Psychlatry 30 (1979): 536-4O.
- R. G. Kathol and J. W. Delahunt, “The Relationship of Anxiety and Depression to Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism Using Operational Criteria,” General Hospital Psychiatry 8 (1986): 23-28.
- B. A. Bartman and K. B. Weiss, “Women’s Primary Care in the United States: A Study of Practice Variation among Physician Specialties,” Journal of Women’s Health 2, no. 3 (1993): 26l-l8.
- L. Laurence and B. Weinhouse, Outrageous Practices.’ The Alarmiflg Truth about How Medlcine Mistreats Women (New York: Random House, 1994), 259-61.
参考文献《第2章》
- J. K. Levey, K. E. Bell, B. L. Lachar, et al., “Psychoneuroimmunology,” in Neuroimmunology for the Cliniclan edited by Loren A Rolak and Yadollah Harati, 35-55 (Newton, Mass.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997).
- D. N. Khansari, A. J. Murgo, and R. E. Faith, “Effects of Stress on the Immune System,” Immunology Today 11 (1990): 170-75.
- J. K. Kiecolt-Glaser, W. B. Malarkey, and M. Chee, “Negative Behavior during Marital Conflict Is Associated with Immunological Down-Regulation,” Psychosomatic Medicine 55 (1993): 395-409.
- S. Cohen, A. J. Tyrell, and A. P. Smith, “Psychological Stress and Susceptibility to the Common Cold,” New England Journal of Medicine 325 (1991): 606-12.
- G. Philippou and A. M. McGregor, “The Aetiology of Graves’ Disease: What Is the Genetic Contribution? ” Clinical Endocrinology 48 (1998): 393-95.
- D. A. de Luis, C. Varela, H. de la Calle, et al., “Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Markedly Increased in Patients with Autoimmune Atrophic Thyroiditis,” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 26, no. 4 (1998): 259-63.
- Collections from the writings of the late C. H. Parry, London, Underwoods, 1825.
- V. R. Radosavljevic, S. M. Jankovic, and J. M. Marinkovic, “Stressful Life Events in the Pathogenesis of Graves’ Disease,” European Journal of Endocrinology 134 (1996): 699-701.
- K. Yoshiuchi, H. Kumano, S. Nomura, et al., “Stressful Life Events and Smoking Were Associated with Graves’ Disease in Women, but Not in Men,” Psychosomatic Medicine 60 (1998): 182-85.
- B. Harris, S. Othman, J. A. Davies, et al., “Association between Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction and Thyroid Antibodies and Depression,” British Medical Journal 305, no. 6846 (1992): 152-56.
- J. J. Haggerty, K. L. Evans, R. N. Golden, et al., “The Presence of Antithyroid Antibodies in Patients with Affective and Non-affective Psychiatric Disorders,” Biological Psychlatry 27 (1990): 51-60.
- K. C. Hyams, F. S. Wignall, and R. Roswell, “War Syndromes and Their Evaluation From the U.S. Civil War to the Persian Gulf War,” Annals of Internal Medicine 125 (1996): 398-405.
- S. Wang, “Traumatic Stress and Attachment,” Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 161, suppl. 640 (1997): 164-69.
- H Brooks “Hyperthyroidism in the Recruit ” American Journal of Medical Science 156 (1918): 726-33.
- R. Grelland, “Thyrotoxicosis at Ulleval Hospital in the Years 1934-44 with a Special View of Frequency of the Disease,” Acta Medlca Scandinavica 125 (1946): 108-38.
- Abigail Trafford, “Me, Bush, and Graves’ Disease: Many Thyroid Patients Face an Emotional Roller Coaster,” The Washington Post, May 26, 1991, p. D1.
- S. A. Ebner, M-C. Badonnel, L. K. Altman, et al., “Conjugal Graves’ Disease,” Annals of Internal Medicine 116 (1992): 479-81.
- J. B. Jaspan, H. Luo, B. Ahmed, et al., “Evidence for a Retroviral Trigger in Graves’ Disease,” Autoimmumly 20 (1995): 135J,2.
- A. Fukao, M. Ito, and S. Hayashi, “The Effect of Psychological Factors on the Prognosis of Antithyroid Drug-Related Graves’ Disease Patients” (abstract), Thyroid 5, suppl. I (1995): S-244.
- H. M. Voth, P, S, Holzman, J. B. Katz, et al., “Thyroid ‘Hot Spots’: Their Relationship to Life Stress,” Psychosomatic Medicine 32 (1970): 561-68.
- E. Moschowitz, “The Nature of Graves’ Disease,” Archives of Internal Medicihe 46 (1930): 610-29.
- D. R. Brown, Y. Wang, and A. Ward, “Chronic Psychological Effects of Exercise and Exercise Plus Cognitive Strategies, ” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 27, no. 5 (1995): 765-75.
参考文献《第3章》
- F. F. Cartwright, Disease and History (New York: Dorset Press, 1972), 105-106.
- H. F. Stoll, “Chronic Invalidism with Marked Personality Changes Due to Myxedema,” Annals of Internal Medicine 6 (1932): 806.
- W. M. Easson and T. Kay, “Myxedema with Psychosis,” Archives of General Psychlatry 14 (1966): 277-83.
- R. Asher, “Myxedematous Madness,” British Medical Journal 2 (1949): 555-l2.
- I. Klein and K. Ojamaa, “Thyroid Hormone and Blood Pressure Regulation,” in Hypertenslon: Pathophysiology, Dlagnosis and Management. 2d ed., edited by J. H. Laragh and B. M. Brenner, 2247-62 (New York: Raven Press, 1995).
- J. J. Series, E. M. Biggart, D. St. J. O’Reilly, et al., “Thyroid Dysfunction and Hypercholesterolaemia in the General Population of Glasgow, Scotland,” Cli,u~a Chimica Acta 172 (1988): 217-22.
- E. Beghi, M. Delodovici, G. Boglium, et al., “Hypothyroidism and Polyneuropathy,” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 52 (1989): 1420-23.
- M. A. Laylock and R. Pascuzzi, “The Neuromuscular Effects of Hypothyroidism,” Semiuars in Neurology 11, no. 3 (1991): 288-94.
- R. Arem and D. Escalante, “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Significance, ” Advances in Internal Medicine 41(1996): 213-50.
- W.M.G. Tunbridge, M. Brewis, J. M. French, et al., “Natural History of Autoimmune Thyroiditis,” British Medical Journal 282 (1981): 258-62.
- D. Brown and D. Hoffman, “Russian Government Continues to Hide Details of Yeltsin’s Medical Problems,” Washi,egton Post 1 16, no. 5 (February 20, 1996), 3.
- Cable News Network, heart specialist: “Yeltsin didn’t look sick,” September 26, 1996.
- Cable News Network: “Yeltsin’s health problems cloud Russia’s future. More than heart disease may be involved,” September 21, 1996.
- R. Arem and W. Patsch, “Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Levels in Subclinical Hypothyroidism,” Archl~es of Internal Medici,re 150 (1990): 2097-2 100.
- R. Fierro-Benitez, R. Casar, J. B. Stanburly, et al., “Long-Term Effects of Correction of Iodine Deficiency on Psychomotor and Intellectual Development,” in Proceedings of the Ftfth Meeting of the PAHO/WHO Technical Group on Eedemic Goiter, Cretinism. and lodine Deficiency, edited by J. T. Dunn et al. (Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization, 1986).
- E. Nystrom, K. Caidahl, G. Fager, et al., “A Double-Blind Cross-over 12-Month Study of L-Thyroxine Treatment of Women with ‘Subclinical’ Hypothyroidism,” Clincal Endocrinology 29 (1988): 63-76.
- J. J. Haggerty, J. C. Garbutt, D. L. Evans, et al., “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Review of Neuropsychiatric Aspects,” International Journal of Psychlatry in Medicine 20, no. 2 (1990): 193-208.
- F. Monzani, P. Del Guerra, N. Caraccio, et al., “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Neurobehavioral Features and Beneficial Effect of L-Thyroxine Treatment,” Clinical Investigator 71 (1993): 367-71.
- J. V. Felicetta, “Thyroid Changes with Aging: Significance and Management,” Geriatrics 42 (1987): 86-92.
- M. Bahemuka and H. M. Hodkinson, “Screening for Hypothyroidism in Elderly Inpatients,” British Medical Journal 2 (1975): 601-3.
- D. L. Ewins, M. N. Rossot, J. Butler, et al., “Association between Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Familial Alzheimer’s Disease, ” Clinical Endocrinology 35 (1991): 93-96.
- C. T. Sawin, D. Chopra, F. Azizi, et al., “The Aging Thyroid: Increased Prevalence of Elevated Serum Thyrotropin in the Elderly,” Journal of the American Medical Association 242 (1979): 247-50.
- F. Delange, “Neonatal Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism: Results and Perspectives,” Hormone Research 48 (1997): 51-61.
- M. A. Jabbar, J. Larrea, and R. A. Shaw, “Abnormal Thyroid Function Tests in Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism: The Influence of Soy-Based Formula,” Journal of the American College of Nutrition 16, no. 3 (1997): 280-82.
- H. E. Roberts, C. A. Moore, P. M. Fernhoff, et al., “Population Study of Congenital Hypothyroidism and Associated Birth Defects, Atlanta, 1979-1992,” American Journal of Medical Genetics 71 (1997): 29-32.
- P. J. Leedman, “Thyroid Disease and Hearing Disorders: New Genetic Links,” European Journal of Endocrinology 135 (1996): 394-95.
- T. Hua, “A Test That Failed: No System… Is Going to Pick Up Every Case,” Los Angeles Times (Orange County), July 7, 1997, sec. B, 1-2.
参考文献《第4章》
- H. F. Dunlap and F. P. Moersch, “Psychic Manifestations Associated with Hyperthyroidism,” American Journal of Psychiatry 91 (1935): 1215-38.
- M. Gomberg-Maitland and W. H. Frishman, “Thyroid Hormone and Cardiovascular Disease,” American Heart Journal 135 (1998): 187-96.
- S. Nagasaka, H. Sugimoto, T. Nakamura, et al., “Antithyroid Therapy Improves Bony Manifestations and Bone Meiabolic Markers in Patients with Graves’ Thyrotoxicosis,” Clinical Endocrinology 47, no. 2 (1997): 215-21.
- C. Giani, P. Fierabracci, R. Bonacci, et al., “Relationship between Breast Cancer and Thyroid Disease: Relevance of Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders in Breast Malignancy,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 (1996): 990-94.
- P-T. Trzepacz, I. Klein, M. Roberts, et al., “Graves’ Disease: An Analysis of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Hyperthyroid Signs and Symptoms,” American Journal of Medicine 87, no. 5 (1989): 558-61.
- V. I. Reus, “Behavioral Aspects of Thyroid Disease in Women,” Psychlatric Clinics of North America 12, no. I (1989): 153-63.
- R. C. W. Hall, “Psychiatric Effects of Thyroid Hormone Disturbance,” Psychosomatics 24, no. I (1983): 7-18.
- P. H. Rockey and R. J. Griep, “Behavioral Dysfunction in Hyperthyroidism: Improvement with Treatment,” Archives of Internal Medicine 140 (1980): 1194-97.
- D. G. Folks and W. M. Petrie, “Thyrotoxicosis Presenting as Depression,” Ietter to the British Journal of Psychiatry 140 (1982): 432-33.
- J. W. Taylor, “Depression in Thyrotoxicosis,” American Journal of Psychiatry 132, no. 5 (1975): 552-53.
- P. F. Giannandrea, “The Depressed Hyperthyroid Patient,” General Hospital Psychlatry 9 (1987): 71-74.
- B. Schlote, B. Nowotny, L. Schaaf, et al., “Subclinical Hyperthyroidism: Physical and Mental State of Patients,” European Archives of Psychlatry aed Clinical Neuroscience 241 (1992): 357-64.
- B. Uzzan, J. Campos, M. Cucherat, et al., “Effects on Bone Mass of Long-Term Treatment with Thyroid Hormones: A Meta-analysis,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 (1996): 4278-89.
- B. Biondi, S. Fazio, A. Cuocola, et al., “Impaired Cardiac Reserve and Exercise Capacity in Patients Receiving Long-Term Thyrotropin Suppressive Therapy with Levothyroxine,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 (1996): 4224-29.
- W. M. G. Tunbridge, D. C. Evered, R. Hall, et al., “The Spectrum of Thyroid Disease in a Community: The Whickham Survey,” Clinical Endocrinology 7 (1977): 481-93.
- C. Trivalle, J. Doucet, P. Chassagne, et al., “Differences in the Signs and Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism in Older and Younger Patients,” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 44 (1996): 50-53.
- F. I. R. Martin and D. R. Deam, “Hyperthyroidism in Elderly Hospitalized Patients: Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes,” Medical Journal of Australia 164 (1996): 200-3.
- E. C. Bartels and J. W. Kingsley Jr., “Hyperthyroidism in Patients over Sixty,” Geriatrics 4 (1949): 333-40.
- R. A. Nordyke, F. I. Gilbert, and A.S.M. Harada, “Graves’ Disease: Infiuence of Age on Clinical Findings,” Archives of Internal Medicine 148 (1988): 626-31.
参考文献《第5章》
- F. Monzani, P. Del Guerra, N. Caraccio, et al., “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Neurobehavioral Features and Beneficial Effect of L-Thyroxine Treatment,” Clinical lnvestigator7l (1993): 367-7l.
- J. Scherer, “The Prevalence of Goiter in Psychiatric Outpatients Suffering from Affective Disorders,” letter to the Ameriean Journal of Psycbiaty 15 l (1994): 453.
- M. B. Dratman and J. T. Cordon, “Thyroid Hormones as Neurotransmitters,” Thyroid 6, no. 6 (1996): 639-47.
- C. Kirkegaard and J. Faber, “The Role of Thyroid Hormone in Depression,” European Journal of Endocrinology 138 (1998): 1-9.
- G. A. Mason, C. H. Walker, and A. J. Prange Jr., “L-Triiodothyronine: Is this Peripheral Hormone a Central Neurotransmitter?” Neuropsychopharmacology 8 (1993): 253-57.
- P. C. Whybrow and A. J. Prange Jr., “A Hypothesis of Thyroid-Catecholamine-Receptor Interaction: Its Relevance to Affective Illness,” Archives of General Psychiatry 38 (1981): 106-13.
- J. M. Gorman, The New Psychiatry (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996).
- J. Morrison, “DSM-IV Made Easy,” The Clinician’s Guide to Diagnosis (New York: Guilford Press, 1995).
- M. S. Gold, A. L. C. Pottash, and I. Extein, “Symptomless, Autoimmune Tbyroiditis in Depression,” Psychiatry Research 6 (1982): 26l-69.
- C. B. Nemeroff, J. S. Simon, J. J. Haggerty, et a1., “Antithyroid Antibodies in Depressed Patients, ” Ameriam Journal of Psychiatry, 142 (1985):840-43.
- J. J. Haggerty, A. A. Stern, G. A. Mason, et a1., “Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Modifiable Risk Factor for Depression?” American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, no. 3 (1993): 508-10.
- C. Kirkegaard and J. Faber, “The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Depression.” 1-9.
- K. D. Denicoff, R. T. Joffe, M. C. Lakshmanan, et a1., “Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Altered Thyroid State,” American Joumal of Psychiatry,147, no 1 (1990): 94-99.
- A. H. Howland, “Thyroid Dysfunction in Refractory Depression: Implications for Pathophysiology and Treatment,” Joumal of Clinical Psychiatry 54, no 2 (1993): 47-54.
- D. Elfenbein, ed., Living with Prozac and Other Selective Serotonin-Reuptake lnhibitors: Personal Accounts of Life on Antidepressants (New York: Harper Collins, 1995).
- P. J. Goodnick, I. L. Extein, and M. S. Gold, “TRH Test in the Treatment of Depression, ” Proceedings of the 143d Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, San Francisco, May 6-11, 1989, New Research Abstracts, 126.
- R. C. Kessler, K. A. McGonagle, S. Zhao, et a1., “Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of DSM-III-R Psychiatric Disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Study, ” Archives of General Psychiatry 51 (1994): 8-19.
- Kessler et al., “Prevelance of DSM-Ill-R Psychiatric Disorders,” 8-19.
- C. 9. Lindemann, C. M. Zitrin, and D. Klein, “Thyroid Dysfuncti.n in Phobic PatIents, ” Psychosomatics 25 (1984): 603-6.
- S. Matsubayashi, H. Tamai, Y. Matsumoto, et a1. “Graves, Disease after the Onset of Panic Disorder, ” Psychotherapy and Psyhosomatics 65 (1996):277-8O.
- M. E. Lickey and B. Cordon, Medicine and Mental Illness: The Use of Drug in Psychiairy (New York: Freeman, 1991).
- J. M. Gorman, The New Psychiatry, 212.
- R. W. Cowdry, T. A. Wehr, A. P. Zis, et a1., “Thyroid Abnormalities Associated with Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Illness, ” Archives of General Psychiatry 40 (1983): 414-20; and M. Kusalic, “Grade II and Grade III Hypothyroidism in Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Patients,” Neuropsychobiology 25 (1992): 177-81.
- H. A. P. C. Oomen, A. J. M. Schipperijn, and H. A. Drexhage, “The Prevalence of Affective Disorder and in Particular of a Rapid Cycling of Bipolar Disorder in Patients with Abnormal Thyroid Function Tests”,Clinical Endocrinology 45 (1996) : 215-23.
参考文献《第6章》
- G. R Murray, “Note on the Treatment of Myxocdema by Hypodermic Injections of an Extract of the Thyroid Gland of a Sheep,” Britl~h Medicdl Journal 2 (1891): 796-97.
- S. C. Kaufinan, G. P. Gross, and G. L. Kennedy, “Thyroid Hormone Use: Trends in the United States from 1960 through 1988,” Thyroid 1 (1991): 285-91.
- R. T, Joffe, S. T. H, SokoIov, and W. Singer, “Thyroid Hormone Treatment of Depression,” Thyroid 5, no. 3 (1995): 235-39.
- A. Baumgartner, M. Eravci, G. Pinna, e.t al., “Thyroid Homrone Metabolism in the Rat Brain in an Animal Model of ‘Behavioral Dependence’ on Ethanol,” Neuroscience Letters 227 (1997): 25-28.
- P. Hauser, A. J. Zametkin, P. Martinez, et al., “Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder in People with Generalized Resistance to Thyroid Hormone,” New England Jourual of Medicine 328 no. 14 (1993): 997-1001.
- T. Takeda, S. Suzuki, R-T. Liu, et al., “Triiodothyroacetic Acid Has Unique Potential for Therapy of Resistance to Thyroid Hormone,” Jourual of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80, no. 7 (1995): 2033-40.
- B. Rozanov and M. B. Dratman, “Immunohistochemical Mapping of Brain Triiodothyronine Reveals Prominent Localization in Ventral Noradrenergic Systems,” Neuroscience 74 no. 3 (1996): 897-915.
- J. A. Hatterer, J. Herbert, C. Hidaka, et al., “Transthyretin in Patients with Depression,” Amerlean Jourual of Piychlatry 150 (1993): 813-15.
- C. Kirkegaard and J. Faber, “The Role of Thyroid Hormones in Depression,” European Jourual of Endocrinology 138 (1998): 1-9.
- S. T. H. Sokolov, A. J. Levitt, and R T. Joffe, “Thyroid Hormone Levels before Unsuccessful Antidepressant Therapy Are Associated with Later Response to T3 Augmentation,” Psycblatry Research 69 (1997): 203-6.
- W. N. Henley and T. J, Koehnle, “Thyroid Hormones and the Treatment of Depression: An Examination of Basic Hormonal Actions in the Mature Mammalian Brain, Synapse 27 (1997): 36-44.
- R. T. Joffe, W. Singer, A. J. Levitt, et al., “A Placebo-Controlled. Comparison of Lithium and Triiodothyronine Augmentation of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Unipolar Refractory Depression,” Archives of General Psychiatry 50 (1993): 387-93.
- S. Gupta, P. Masand, and J. F. Tanquary, “Thyroid Hormone Supplementation of Fluoxetine in the Treatment of Major Depression,” British Journal of Psychlatry 159 (1991): 866-7.
- E. E. Feldmesser-Reiss, “The Application of Trliodothyronine in the Treatment of Mental Disorders,” Jourual of Nervous and Mental Dlsease 127 (1958): 540-46.
- A. Campos-Barros, A. Musa, A. Flechner, et al., “Evidence for Circadian Variations of Thyroid Hormone Concentrations and Type II 5 ‘-Iodothyronine Deiodinase Activity in the Rat Central Nervous System,” Journal of Neurochemistry 68 (1997): 795-803.
- E. Souetre, E. Salvati, T. A. Wher, et al., “Twenty-four-Hour Profiles of Body Temperature and Plasma TSH in Bipolar Patients during Depression and during Remission and in Normal Control Subjects,” Americau Jourual of Psychiatry 145, no. 9 (1988): I133-37.
- N. Konno and K. Morikawa, “Seasonal Variation of Serum Thyrotropin Concentration and Thyrotropin Response to Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism on Constant Replacement Dosage of Thyroxine,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 54 (1982): 1118-24.
- M. S. Bauer and P. C. Whybrow, “Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Affective Disorder,” part 2 , “Treatment of Refractory Rapid Cycling with High-Dose Levothyroxine: A Preliminary Study,” Archives of General Psychiatry 47 (1990): 435-40.
- L. Gyulai, J. Jaggi, M. S. Bauer, et al., “Bone Mineral Density and L-Thyroxine Treatment in Rapidly Cycling Bipolar Disorder,” Biological Psychiatry 41 (1997): 503-6.
- G. S. Kurland, M. W. Hamolsky, atid A. S. Freedberg, “Studies in Non-myxedematous Hypometabolism,” Jourual of Clinical Endo(rinology 15 (1955): 1354-66.
- B. O. Bames and L. Galton, Hypothyroidism: The Unsuspected Illness (New York: Harper and Row, 1976).
- B. Bames, “Basal Temperature versus Basal Metabolism,” Jourual of the American Medical Association 119 (1942): 1072-74.
- E. D. Wilson, Wilson’s Syndrome: The Miracle of Feeling Well (Orlando, Fla.: Cornerstone Publishing, 1991).
参考文献《第7章》
- R. J. Kuczmarski, K. M. Flegal, S. M. Campbdl, et ai., “Increasing Prevalence of Overweight among U.S. Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960-1991,” Journal of the American Medical Association 272 no. 3 (1994): 205-11.
- J. E. Morley, “Neuropeptide Regulation of Appetite and Weight,” Endocrine Reviews 8, no. 3 (1987): 256-87.
- J. E. Mitchell, D. E. Laine, J. E. Morley, et al., “Naloxone but Not CCK-8 Attenuates Binge-Eating in Patients with Bulimia Syndrome,” Biological Psychiatry 21 (1986): 1399-1406.
- S. F. Leibowitz and G. Shor-Posner, “Brain Serotonin and Eating Behavior,” Appetite 7, suppl. (1986): 1-14.
- C. Hart, Secrets of Serotonin (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1996).
- G. A. Bray, D. H. Ryan, D. Gordon, et al., “A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sibutramine,” Obesity Research 4 (1996): 263-70.
- C. Hart Secrets ofSerotonin, 24.
- S. R. Gambert, T. L. Garthwaite, C. M. Pontzer, et al., “Thyroid Hormone Regulation of Central Nervous System (CNS) Beta-Endorphin and ACTH,” Hormone Metabolic Research 12 (1980): 345-46.
- S. Z. Donhoffer and J. Vonotzky, “The Effect of Thyroxine on Food Intake and Selection,” American Journal of Physiology 150 (1947): 334-39.
- Z. Orban S. R. Bornstein, and G. P. Chrousos, “The Interaction between Leptin and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis, ” Hormone Metabolic Research 30 (1998) : 231-35.
- J. N. Loeb,”Metabolic Changes in Hypothyroidism,” in Werner atrd Ingbar’s The Thyroid, 6th ed., edited by Lewis E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 1064-71. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- S. I. Sherman, P. Nadkarni, and R. Arem, “Outcomes of a Community TSH Screening Program” (abstract presented at the Seventy-ninth Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Minneapolis, June 11,1997).
- D. Cooper, R. Halpern, L. Wood, et al., “L-Thyroxine Therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroidism,” Annals of Internal Medicine 101 (1984): 18-24.
- G. N. Burrow, J. K. Oppenheimer, and R. Volpe, “Graves’ Disease,” in Thyroid Function and Disease. edited by Robert Volpe, 214-60 (Philadelphia: Saunders, 1990).
- S. Jansson, G. Berg, G. Lindstedt, et al.,”0verweight: A Common Problem among Women Treated for Hyperthyroidism,” Postgraduate Medical Journal 69 (1993) : 107-11.
- F. Celsing, S. H. Westing, U. Adamson, et al., “Muscle Strength in Hyperthyroid Patients before and after Medical Treatment,” Clinical Physiology 10 (1990): 545-50.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, “Nutrition and Your Health: Dietary Guidelines for Americans” (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1995).
参考文献《第8章》
- B. J. Kumar, M. L. Khurana, A. C. Ammini, et al., “Reproductive Endocrine Functions in Men with Primary Hypothyroidism: Effect of Thyroxine Replacement,” Hormone Research 34 (1990): 215-18.
- R. W. Hudson and A. L. Edwards, “Testicular Function in Hyperthyroidism,” Journal of Andrology 13 (1992): 117-4.
- C. Longcope, “The Male and Female Reproductive Systems in Hypothyroidism,” in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by L. D. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 1052-55 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- C. Longcope, “The Male and Female Reproductive Systems in Thyrotoxicosis,” in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by L. D. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 828-55.
- W. F. Bergfeld, “Androgenetic Alopecia: An Overview, ” Seventh Symposium on Alopecia, in Dermatology, Capsule and Comment. edited by H. P. Badin, 1-10 (New York: HP Publishing, 1988).
- J. Lever and P. Schwartz, “When Sex Hurts: Finding the Causes of Your Pain during Intercourse,” Sexual Health 1(1997): 64-66.
- A. J. Wright, “Lichen Sclerosus and Thyroid Disease,” Ietter to the Journal of Reproductive Medicine 43 (1998): 240.
- C. Penner and J. Penner, The Gift of Sex: A Guide to Sexual Fulfillment (Waco, Tex.: Word Publishing, 1981).
- B. B. Sherwin, “Affective Changes with Estrogen and Androgen Replacement Therapy in Surgically Menopausal Women,” Journal of Affective Disorders 14 (1988): 177-87.
参考文献《第9章》
- J. Gray, Mefe Are from Mars. Women Are from Venus (New York: HarperCollins, 1992)
- P. H. Rockey and R. J. Griep, “Behavioral Dysfunction in Hyperthyroidism,” Archives of Internal Medicine 140 (1980): 1194-97.
参考文献《第11章》
- R. Arem and D. Escalante, Subclinicai Hypothyroidism: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Significance, Advafeces in Internal Medicine 41 (1996): 213-50.
- D. I. W. Phillips, J. H. Lazarus, and B. R. Budano, The Influence of Pregnancy and Reproductive Span on the Occurrence of Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Clinical Endocrinology 32 (1990): 301-6.
- American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. (Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association, 1994).
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Complete Home Guide to Mental Health , eds. F. I. Kass et al. (New York: Henry Holt, 1995).
- P. J. Schmidt, G. N. Grover, P. P. Roy-Byrne, et al., Thyroid Function in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 76 (1993): 671-74.
- N. D. Brayshaw and D. D. Brayshaw, Thyroid Hypofunction in Premenstrual Syndrome, The New England Journal of Medicine 315 (1986): 1486-87.
- P. J. Schmidt, D. Rosen」eld, K. L. Muller, et al., A Case of Autoimmune Thyroiditis Presenting as Menstrual Related Mood Disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 51 (1990): 434-36.
- A. Kadri, Attitudes to HRT, Practitioner 234 (1990): 880-84.
- C. Northrup, Women’s Bodies. Women’s Wisdom (New York: Bantam Books, 1994).
- N. E. Avis, P. A. Kaufert, M. Lock, et al., The Evolution of Menopausal Symptoms, Balliere’s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 7 (1993): 17-32.
- D. J. Cooke and J. G. Green, Types of Life Events in Relation to Symptoms at the Climacterium, Journal of Psychosomatic Research 25 (1981): 5-11.
- A. Holte and A. Mikkelson, Psychosocial Determinants of Menopausal Complaints, Maturitas 13 (1991): 193-203.
- M. S. Hunter, The SE England Longitudinal Study of the Climacteric and Postmenopause, Maturitas 14, no. 2 (1992): 117-26.
- P. A. Kaufert, P. Gilbert, and R. Tate, The Manitoba Project: A Reexamination of the Link between Menopause and Depression, Maturitas 14, no. 2 (1992): 143-56.
参考文献《第12章》
- L. P. Salzer, Surviving Infertility (New York: Harper Perennial, 1991).
- E. Erickson, Childhood and Society (New York: Norton, 1950).
- I. Gerhard, T. Becker, W. Eggert-Kruse, et al., Thyroid and Ovarian Function in Infertile Women, Human Reproduction 6 (1991): 338-45.
- I. Gerhard, W. Eggert-Kruse, K. Merzoug, et al., Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) and Metoclopramide Testing in Infertile Women, Gynecological Endocrinology 5, no. I (1991): 15-32.
- T. Maruo, K. Katayama, H. Matuso, et al., Maintaining Early Pregnancy in Threatened Abortion, Acta Endocrinologica 127 (1992): 118-22.
- A. Singh, Z. N. Dantas, S. C. Stone, et al., Presence of Thyroid Antibodles in Early Reproductive Failure: Biochemical versus Clinical Pregnancies, Fertility and Sterility 63, no. 2 (1995): 277-81.
- D. Glinoer, The Regulation of Thyroid Function in Pregnancy: Pathways of Endocrine Adaptation from Physiology to Pathology, Endocrine Reviews 18, no. 3 (1997): 404-33.
- A. S. Leung, L. K. Millar, P. P. Koonings, et al., Perinatal Outcome in Hypothyroid Pregnancies, Obstetrics and Gynecology 81, no. 3 (1993): 349-53.
参考文献《第13章》
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Complete Home Guide to Mental Health, ed. F. I. Kass et al. (New York: Henry Holt, 1995).
- J. E. D. Esquirol, Des maladles mentales considere’es sous les rapports medical. hygie’nique et medico-legal. vol. I (Paris: J. B. Bailliere, 1838).
- I. F. Brockington and R. Kumar, eds., Motherhood and Mental Illness (London: Academic Press, 1982).
- B. Harris, S. Othman, J. A. Davies, et al., Association between Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction and Thyroid Antibodies and Depression, British Medical Journal 305, no. 6846 (1992): 152-56.
- V. J. M. Pop, H. A. M. deRooy, H. L. Vader, et al., Microsomal Antibodies during Gestation in Relation to Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction and Depression, Acta Endocrinologica 129 (1993): 26-30.
- M. T. Vargas, R. Broines-Urbina, D. Gladman, et al., Antithryoid Microsomal Autoantibodies and HLA-DR5 Are Associated with Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction: Evidence Supporting an Autoimmune Pathogenesis,” Journal of Clinical Endocrilrology and Metabolism 67 (1988): 327-33.
- J. A. Hamilton and P. N. Harberger, eds., Posrpartum Psychlatric Illness: A Picture Puzzle (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992).
- W. M. Ord, Report of a Committee of the Clinical Society of London, Nominated December 14, 1883, to Investigate the Subject of Myxoedema, Transactions of the Clinical Society of London (suppl.) 21, no. 18 (1888).
- H. C. Gerstein, How Common Is Postpartum Thyroiditis? A Methodologic Overview of the Literature, Archives of Internal Medidne 150 (1990): 1397-1400.
- T. F. Nikolai, S. L. Turney, and R. C. Roberts, Postpartum Lymphocytic Thyroiditis: Prevalence, Clinical Course, and Long-Term Follow-up, Archives of Internal Medicine 147 (1987): 221-24.
- S. Othman, D. I. W. Phillips, A. B. Parkes, et al., A Long-Term Follow-up of Postpartum Thyroiditis, Clinical Endocrinology 32 (1990): 559-64.
- C. C. Hayslip, H. G. Fein, V. M. O’Donnell, et al., The Value of Serum Antimicrosomal Antibody Testing in Screening for Symptomatic Postpartum Thyroid Dysfunction, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 159 (1988): 203-9.
- D. E. Stewart, A. M. Addison, G. E. Robinson, et al., Thyroid Function in Psychosis following Childbirth, American Journal of Psychlatry 145, no. 12 (1988): 1579-81.
参考文献《第14章》
- D. S. Ross, G. H. Daniels, and D. Gouveia, The Use and Limitations of a Chemiluminescent Thyrotropin Assay as a Single Thyroid Function Test in an Outpatient Endocrine Clinic, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 71, no. 3 (1990): 764-69.
- K. W. Geul, I. L. L. van Sluisveld, D. E. Grobbee, et al., The Importance of Thyroid Microsomal Antibodies in the Development of Elevated Serum TSH in Middle-Aged Women: Associations with Serum Lipids, Clinical Endocrinology 39 (1993): 275-80.
- G. Michalopoulou, M. Alevizaki, G. Piperingos, et al., High Serum Cholesterol Levels in Persons with High-Normal TSH Levels: Should One Extend the Definition of Subclinical Hypothyroidism? European Journal of Endocrinology 138, no. 2 (1998): 141-45.
- R. Arem and D. Escalante, Subclinical Hypothyroidlsm: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Significance, Advances in Internal Medicine 41 (1996): 213-50.
- J. G. Eales, lodine Metabolism and Thyroid-Related Functions in Organisms Lacking Thyroid Follicules: Are Thyroid Hormones Also Vitamins? Proceedings Society for Experimental Blology and Medicine 214 (1997): 302-17.
- G. R. B. Skinner, R. Thomas, M. Taylor, et al., Thyroxine Should Be Tried in Clinically Hypothyroid but Biochemicauy Euthyroid Patients, British Medical Journal 314 (1997): 1764.
- L. Wartofsky, The Scope and Impact of Thyroid Disease, Clinical Chemistry 42 (1996): 121-24.
- M-F. Poirier, H. Loo, A. Galinowski, et al., Sensitive Assay of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in Depressed Patients, Psychlatry Research 57 (1995): 41-48.
- R. A. Dickey and H. W. Rodbard, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Neck Check Promoted during Thyroid Awareness Month, First Messenger 5, no. I (1997): 1.
- S. Morita, T. Arima, and M. Matsuda, Prevalence of Nonthyroid Specific Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80, no. 4 (1995): 1203-6.
- B. Lindberg, U-B. Ericsson, R Ljung, et al., High Prevalence of Thyroid Autoantibodies at Diagnosis of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus in Swedlsh Children, Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 130 (1997): 585-89.
- J. Heward and S. C. L. Gough, Genetic Susceptibility to the Development of Autoimmune Disease, Clinical Science 93 (1997): 479-91.
- M. S. Rosenthal, The Thyroid Source Book: Everything You Need to Know 2d ed., (Los Angeles: Lowell House, 1996), 57.
- P. F. Peerboom, E. A. M. Hassink, R. Melkert, et al., Thyroid Function 10-18 Years after Mantle Field Irradlation for Hodgkin’s Disease, European Journal of Cancer 28A, no. 10 (1992): 1716-18.
- A. Leznoff and G. L. Sussman, Syndrome of Idiopathic Chronic Urticaria and Angioedema with Thyroid Autoimmunity: A Study of 90 Patients, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 84, no. I (1989): 66-71.
- L. C. Hotbauer, C. Spitzweg, S. Schmauss, et al., Graves’ Disease Associated with Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, Archives of Internal Medicine 157 (1997): 1033-36.
- A. Pinchera, E. Martino, and G. Faglia, Central Hypothyroidism, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid, 6th ed., edited by Lewis E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 968-84 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- M. Mori, Y. Shoda, M. Yamada, et al., Case Report: Central Hypothyroidism Due to Isolated TRH Deficiency in a Depressive Man, Journal of Iternal Medicine 229 (1991): 285-88.
参考文献《第15章》
- U. M. Kabadi, Optimal Daily Levothyroxine Dose in Primary Hypothyroidism: Its Relation to Pretreatment Thyroid Hormone Indexes, Archives of Internal Medicine 149 (1989): 2209-12.
- M. I. Surks, Treatment of Hypothyroidism, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by Lewis E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 1099-1103 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- E. Roti, R. Minelli and E. Gardini, The Use and Misuse of Thyroid Hormone, Endocrine Reviews 14, no. 4 (1993): 401-23.
- P. C. Whybrow, Behavioral and Psychiatric Aspects of Hypothyroidism, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 1078-83.
- D. S. Ross, G. H. Daniels, and D. Gouvela, The Use and Limitations of a Chemiluminescent Thyrotropin Assay as a Single Thyroid Function Test in an Outpatient Endocrine Clinic, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 71, no. 3 (1990): 764-69.
- B. Biondi, S. Fazio, A. Cuocolo, et al., Impaired Cardiac Reserve and Exercise Capacity in Patients Receiving Long-Term Thyrotropin Suppressive Therapy with Levothyroxine, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 (1996): 4224-28.
- B. Uzzan, J. Campos, M. Cucherat, et al., Effects on Bone Mass of Long-Term Treatment with Thyroid Hormones: A Meta-Analysis, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology aed Metabolism 81 (1996): 4278-89.
- B. Scholte, B. Nowotny, L. Schaaf, et al., Subclinical Hyperthyroidism: Physical and Mental State of Patients, European Archives of Psychiatry aeid Clinical Neuroscience 241(1992): 357-4.
- G. B. Anker, P. E. Lonning, A. Aakvaag, et al., Thyroid Function in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Tamoxifen, Scandinavian Journal of Clinical Laboratory Investigation 58 (1998): 103-7.
- E. Lesho and R E. Jones, “Hypothyroid Graves’ Disease, Southern Medical Journal 90, no 12(1997): 1201-3.
- N. Takasu, T. Yamada, A Sato, et al., Graves disease following Hypothyroidism Due to Hashimoto’s Disease: Studies of Eight Cases, Clinical Endocrinology 33 (1990): 687-89.
- R. Comtois, L. Faucher, and L. Lafleche, Outcome of Hypothyroidism Caused by Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, Archives of lnternal Medicine 155 (1995): 1404-8.
- A. H. Saliby, C. Larosa, R. Rachid, et al., Changes in Levothyroxine Dose Requirements in the Follow-up of Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism (abstract presented at the Sixty-ninth Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association, November 13, 1996).
- R. Arem, When to Choose Radioactive lodine, Drugs, or Surgery, Consultant 28, no. 9 (January 1989): 21-35.
- J. A. Franklyn, The Management of Hyperthyroidism, New Efegland Journal of Medicine 330, no. 24 (1994): 1731-38.
- N. L. Gittoes and J. A. Franklyn, Hyperthyroidism: Current Treatment Guidelines, Drugs 55, no. 4 (1998): 543-53.
- J. M. H. Deklerk, J. W. Van Isselt, A. Van Dijk, et al., lodine-131 Therapy in Sporadic Nontoxic Goiter, Journal of Nuclear Medicine 38, no. 3 (1997): 372-76.
- R. E. Imseis, L. Vanmiddlesworth, J. D. Massie, et al., Pretreatment with Propylthiouracil but Not Methimazole Reduces the Therapeutic Efficacy of lodine- 131 in Hyperthyroidism, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 83 , no. 2 (1998): 685-87.
- R. A. Hegele and R. Volpe, Relapse of Graves’ Disease 23 Years after Treatment with Radioactive lodine (131-I), Journal of Clinical alid Laboratory Immunology 18 (1985): 103-5.
- J. A. Franklyn, P. Maisonneuve, M. C. Sheppard, et al., Mortality after the Treatment of Hyperthyroidism with Radioactive lodine, New Englaud Journal ofMedicine 338, no. 11 (1998): 712-18.
- L. E. Holrn, P. Hall, K. Wiklund, et al., Cancer Risk after lodine-131 Therapy for Hyperthyroidism, Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83 (1991): 1072-77.
- S. T. Tietgens and M. C. Leinung, Thyroid Storm, Medical Clinics of North America 79, no. I (1995): 169-84.
- M. T. Gladwin and P. B. Duell, Inappropriate Thyroid Gland Ablation in Patients with Generalized Resistance to Thyroid Hormone, Archives of Internal Medicine 156, no. 8 (1996): 106-9.
- M. A. Emanuele, M. H. Brooks, D. L. Gordon, et al., Agoraphobia and Hyperthyroidism, American Journal of Medicine 86 (1989): 484-86.
- S. Benvenga, Benzodiazepine and Remission of Graves’ Disease, Thyroid 6, no. 6 (1996): 659-60.
- J. H. Lazarus, Antithyroid Drug Treatment, Clinical Endocrinology 45 (1996): 517-18.
- A. Toft, Transient Hypothyroidism, Clinical Endocrinology 46 (1997): 7-8.
- D. Glinoer, The Regulation of Thyroid Function in Pregnancy: Pathways of Endocrine Adaptation from Physiology to Pathology, Endocrine Reviews 18, no. 3 (1997): 404-33.
- T. Maruo, K. Katayama, H. Matuso, et al., Maintaining Early Pregnancy in Threatened Abortion, Acta Endocrilrologica 127 (1992): 118-22.
- E. Roti, S. Mindli, and M. Salvi, Management of Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism in the Pregnant Woman, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81, no. 5 (1996): 1679-82.
参考文献《第16章》
- H. Leigh, Cerebral Effects of Endocrine Disease, in Principles and Practice of Eedocriology aed Metabolism, 2d ed., edited by K. L. Becker et al. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1995), 1695.
- P. C. Whybrow, Behavioral and Psychiatric Aspects of Hypothyroidism, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by Lewis E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 1078-83 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- R. A. Stern, B. Robinson, A. R. Thorner, et al., A Survey Study of Neuropsychiatric Complaints in Patients with Graves’ Disease, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscieaces 8 (1996): 181-85.
- M. Bommer, T. Eversmann, R. Pickardt, et al., Psychopathological and Neuropsychological Symptoms in Patients with Subclinical and Remitted Hyperthyroidism, Klinische Wochenschrift 68 (1990): 552-58.
- P. Thygesen, K. Hermann, and R. Willanger, Concentration Camp in Denmark: Persecution, Disease, Disability, Compensation. A 23-Year Follow-Up. A Survey of the Long-Term Effect of Severe Environmental Stress, Danish Medical Bulletin 17 (1970): 65-108.
- S. A. Green, Offlce Psychotherapy for Depression in the Primary Care Setting, The American Journal of Medicine 101, no. 6A, suppl. (1996): 37-44.
- I. Elkin, M. Shea, J. Warkins, et al., National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression: Collaborative Research Program: General Effectiveness of Treatments,” Archives of General Psychiatry 46 (1989): 971-83.
- M. Mennemeier, R. D. Garner, and K. M. Heilman, Memory, Mood, and Measurement in Hypothyroidism, Journal of Clinial and Experimental Neuropsychology 15, no. 5 (1993): 822-31.
- H. Perrild, J. M. Hansen, K. Arnung, et al., Intellectual Impairment after Hyperthyroidism, Acta Endocrilrologica 112 (1986): 185-91.
- L. S. Chia, J. E. Thompson, and M. A. Moscarello, Changes in Lipid Phase Behaviour in Human Myelin during Maturation and Aging, Ietter to Federetion of European Blochemical Socleties 157 (1983): 155-58.
- J. M. Pasquini and A. M. Adamo, Thyroid Hormones and the Central Nervous System, Developmental Neuroscience 16 (1994): 1-8.
- L. A. Videla, T. Sir, and C. Wolff, Increased Lipid Peroxidation in Hyperthyroid Patients: Suppression by Propylthiouracil Treatment, Free Radical Research Communications 5 (1988): 1-8.
- J. Bernal and J. Nunez, Thyroid Hormones and Brain Development, European Journal of Endocrinology 133 (1995): 390-98.
- I. Skoog, L. Nilsson, B. Palmertz, et al., A Population-Based Study of Dementia in 85-Year-Olds, New England Journal of Medicine 328 (1993): 153-58.
- J. S. Meyer, B. W. Judd, T. Tawakina, et al., Improved Cognition after Control of Risk Factors for Multi-Infarct Dementia, Journal of the Amerlcan Medical Association 256 (1986): 2203-9.
- N. Pancharuniti, C. A. Lewish, H. E. Sauberlich, et al., Plasma Homocysteine, Folate, and Vitamin B12 Concentrations and Risk for Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59 (1994): 940-48.
- P. A. Bastenie, L. Van Haelst, M. Bonnyns, et al., Preclinical Hypothyroidism: A Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease,” Lancet I (1971): 203-4.
- M. Singh, E. M. Meyer, W. J. Miuard, et al., Ovarian Steroid Deprivation Results in a Reversible Learning Impairment and Compromised Cholinergic Function in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Brain Research 644 (1994): 305-12.
- L. S. Schneider, M. R. Farlow, V. W. Henderson, et al., Effects of Estrogen Replacement Therapy on Response to Tacrine in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease, Neurology 46 (1996): 1580-84.
- B. B. Sherwin, Estrogen and/or Androgen Replacement Therapy and Cognitive Functioning in Surgically Menopausal Women, Psychoneuroendocrinology 13 (1988): 345-57.
- S. R. Lindheim, R. S. Legro, L. Bernstein, et al., Behavioral Stress Responses in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women and the Effects of Estrogen, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 167 (1992): 1831-36.
- B. B. Sherwin, Affective Changes with Estrogen and Androgen Replacement Therapy in Surgically Menopausal Women, Journal of Affective Disorders 14 (1988): 177-87.
- M. M. Rice, A. B. Graves, and E. B. Larson, Estrogen Replacement Therapy and Cognition: Role of Phytoestrogens, abstract, Gerontologist 35, special issue 1 (1995): 169.
- M. Holzbauer and M. B. Youdim, The Oestrous Cycle and Monoamine Oxidase Activity, British Journal of Pharmacology 48 (1973): 600-8.
参考文献《第17章》
- M. I. Surks, Treatment of Hypothyroidism, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by Lewis E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 1099-1103 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- R. W. Rees-Jones and P. R. Larsen, Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine Content of Desiccated Thyroid Tablets, Metabolism 26 (1977): 1213-18.
- S. C. Kaufman, G. P. Gross, and G. L. Kennedy, Thyroid Hormone Use: Trends in the United States from 1960 through 1988, Thyroid 1 (1991): 285-91.
- J. C. Lowe, R. L. Garrison, A. Reichman, et al., Triiodothyronine (T3) Treatment of Euthyroid Fibromyalgia: A Small-N Replication of a Double-Blnld Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study, Clinical Bulletin of Myofascial Therapy 2, no. 4 (1997): 71-88.
- J. C. Lowe, Results of an Open Trial of T3 Therapy with 77 Euthyroid Female Fibromyalgia Patients, Clinical Bulletin of Myofascial Therapy 2, no. I (1997): 35-37.
参考文献《第18章》
- W. J. W. Morrow, J. Homsy, and J. A. Levy, The Influence of Nutrition on Experimental Autoimmune Disease, in Nutrient Modulation of the Immune Response. edited by S. Cunningham-Rundles, 153-67 (New York: Dekker, 1993).
- H. L. Steward, M. C. Bethea, S. S. Andrews, et al., Sugar Busters!; Cut Sugar to Trim Fat (New York: Ballantine Books, 1998).
- R. Lozano, S. A. Chalew, A. A. Kowarski, Cornstarch Ingestion after Oral Glucose Loading: Effect on Glucose Concentrations, Hormone Response, and Symptoms in Patients with Postprandial Hypoglycemic Syndrome, American Journal of Clileical Nutriton 52 (1990): 667-70.
- V. E. Kelley, A. Ferretti, S. Izui, et al., A Fish Oil Diet Rich in Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Cyclooxygenase Metabolites and Suppresses Lupus in MRL/1pr Mice, Journal of lmmunology 134 (1985): 1914-19.
- S. Iossa, M. P. Mollica, L. Lionetti, et al., Effect of a High-Fat Diet on Energy Balance and Thermic Effect of Food in Hypothyroid Rats, European Journal of Endocrinology 136 (1997): 309-15.
- M. J. Mtiller, Thyroid Hormones and Energy and Fat Balance, European Journal of Endocrinology 136 (1997): 267-68.
- V. Kamat, W. L. Hecht, and R. T. Rubin, Influence of Meal Composition on the Postprandial Response of the Pituitary-Thyroid Axis, European Journal of Endocrinology 133 (1995): 75-79.
- B. D’Avanzo, E. Ron, C. La Vecchia, et al., Selected Micronutrient Intake and Thyroid Carcinoma Risk, Cancer 79 (1997): 2186-92.
- B. Contempre, J. E. Dumont, J. F. Denef, et al., Effects of Selenium Deficiency on Thyroid Necrosis, Fibrosis, and Proliferation: A Possible Role in Myxoedematous Cretinism, European Journal of Endocrinology 133 (1995): 99-109.
- G. M. Reid and H. Tervit, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Placental Disorders: The Thyroid-Selenium Link, Medical Hypotheses 48 (1997): 317-24.
- R. B. Gillie, Endemic Goitre, Scientlfic American 22 (1978): 213-19.
- F. Licastro, E. Mocchenegiani, M. Zannotti, et al., Zinc Affects the Metabolism of Thyroid Hormones in Children with Down’s Syndrome: Normalisation of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and of Reverse Triiodothyronine Plasmic Levels by Dietary Zinc Supplementation, International Journal of Neuroscience 65 (1992): 259-68.
- R P. Gupta, P. C. Verma, and S. L. Garg, Effect of Experimental Zinc Deficiency on Thyroid Gland in Guinea Pigs, Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 41 (1997): 376-81.
- G. Di Martino, M. G. Matera, B. De Martino, et al., Relationship between Zinc and Obesity, Journal of Medicine 24 (1993): 177-83.
- O. Olivieri, D. Girelli, M. Azzini, et al., Low Selenium Status in the Elderly Influences Thyroid Hormones, Clinical Science 89 (1995): 637-42.
- J. F. Bach, The Multi-Faceted Zinc Dependency of the Immune System, Immulrology Today 2 (1981): 225-27.
- M. J. Berry and P. R. Larsen, The Role of Selenium in Thyroid Hormone Action, Endocrine Reviews 13 (1992): 207-19.
- K. Asayama and K. Kato, Oxidative Muscular Injury and Its Relevance to Hyperthyroidism, Free Radical Biology and Medicine 8 (1990): 293-303.
- M. D. Edden and M. S. Torre, Physician’s Guide to Herbs, Practical Diabetology 16, no. I (1997): 10-20.
- M. Auf’mkolk, J. C. Ingbar, K. Kubota, et al., Extracts and Auto-Oxidized Constituents of Certain Plants Inhibit the Receptor-Binding and the Biological Activity of Graves’ Immunoglobulins, Endocrinology 116, no. 5 (1985): 1687-93.
- J. G. Eales, lodine Metabolism and Thyroid-Related Functions in Organisms Lacking Thyroid Follicles: Are Thyroid Hormones Also Vitamins?, Proceedings Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 214 (1997) : 302-17.
- N. R Rose, A. M. Saboori, L. Rasooly, et al., The Role of lodine in Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Clinical Reviews in Immunology 17 (1997): 511-17.
- H. R. Harach and E. D. Williams, Thyroid Cancer and Thyroiditis in the Goitrous Region of Salta, Argentina, before and after lodine Prophylaxis, Clinical Endocrinology 43 (1995): 701-6.
- J. Kabat-Zinn, Full Catastrophe Living; Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain. and Illness (New York: Dell, 1990).
- D. R. Brown, Y. Wang, A. Ward, et al., Chronic Psychological Effects of Exercise and Exercise Plus Cognitive Strategies, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 27, no. 5 (1995): 765-75.
- C. C. Chow and C. S. Cockram, Thyroid Disorders Induced by Lithium and Amiodarone: An Overview, Adverse Drug Reactions and Acute Poisoning Reviews 9, no. 4 (1990): 207-22.
- K. C. McCowen, J. R. Garber, and R. Spark, Elevated Serum Thyrotropin in Thyroxine-Treated Patients with Hypothyroidism Given Sertraline, Ietter to New England Journal of Medicine 337, no. 14 (1997): 1010-11.
- R. D. Utiger, Effects of Smoking on Thyroid Function, European Journal of Endocrinology 138 (1998): 368-69.
- G. D. Braunstein, R. Koblin, M. Sugawara, et al., Unintentional Thyrotoxicosis Factitia Due to a Diet Pill, Western Journal of Medicine 145 (1986): 388-91.
- F. Ohno and K. Miyoshi, Clinical Observations on Thyreoidismus Medicamentosus Due to Weight-Reducing Pills in Japan, Endocrinologica Japonica 18 (1971): 321-23.
参考文献《第19章》
- C. A. Gorman, R. S. Bahn, and J. A. Garrity, Ophthalmopathy, in Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid. 6th ed., edited by L. E. Braverman and R. D. Utiger, 657-76 (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1991).
- B. J. Major, B. E. Busuttil, and A. G. Frauman, Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 28 (1998): 39-45.
- D. L. Kendler, J. Lippa, and J. Rootman, The Initial Clinical Characteristics of Graves’ Orbitopathy Vary with Age and Sex, Archives of Ophthalmology 111 (1993): 197-201.
- L. Tallstedt, G. Lundell, O. Torring, et al., Occurrence of Ophthalmopathy after Treatment of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism, New England Journal of Medicine 326 (1992): 1733-38.
- B. Bush, Barbara Bush; A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks 1994).
- P. Perros, A. L. Cromble, P. Kendall-Taylor, Natural History of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy, Clinical Eledocrinology 42 (1995): 45-50.
- R. S. Bahn, Assessment and Management of the Patient with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy,” Endocrine Practice 1, no. 3 (1995): 172-78.
- I. B. Hales and F. F. Rundle, Ocular Changes in Graves’ Disease: A Long-Term Follow-up Study,” Quarterly Journal of Medicine 29 (1960): 113-26.
- G. B. Bartley, V. Fatourechi, E. F. Kadrmas, et al., The Treatment of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy in an Incidence Cohort, American Journal of Ophthalmology 121 (1996): 200-206.
- I. A. Petersen, J. P. Kriss, I. R. McDougall, et al., Prognostic Factors in the Radiotherapy of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Internatlo/eal Journal of Radlation Oncology/Biology/Physics 19 (1990): 259-64.
- M. F. Prummel, W. M. Wiersinga, M. Mourits, et al., Effect of Abnormal Thyroid Function on the Severity of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy, Archives of Internal Medicine 150 (1990): 1098-1101.
- L. Bartalena, C. Marocci, F. Bogazzi, et al., Use of Corticosteroids to Prevent Progression of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy after Radioiodine Therapy for Hyperthyroidism, New England Journal of Medicine 321 (1989): 1349-52.
- N. Sonino, M. E. Girelli, M. Boscaro, et al., Life Events in the Pathogenesis of Graves’ Disease, Acta Endocrinologica 128 (1993): 293-96.
- B. Shine, P. Fells, O. M. Edwards, et al., Association between Graves’ Ophthalmopathy and Smoking, Lancet 335 (1990): 1261-63.
参考文献《第20章》
- T. Zheng, T. R. Holford, Y. Chen, et al., Time Trend and Age-Period-Cohort Effect on Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Connecticut, 1935-1992, International Journal of Cancer 67 (1996): 504-9.
- B. L. Solomon, L. Wartofsky, and K. D. Burman, Current Trends in the Management of Well-Differentiated Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 81 (1996): 333-39.
- R. L. Rossi, B. Cady, and M. L. Silverman, Surgically Incurable Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: Prognostic Factors and Results of Therapy, Archives of Surgery 123 (1988): 569-74.
- D. Zimmerman, I. D. Hay, and I. R. Gough, Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adults: Long-Term Follow-up of I039 Patients Conservatively Treated at One Institution during Three Decades, Surgery 104 (1988): 1157-66.
- A. Schindler, G. Van Melle, B. Evequoz, et al., Prognostic Factors in Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid, Cancer 68 (1991): 324-30.
- D. P. Aiello and A. Manni, Thyroglobulin Measurements vs. Iodine 131-I Total-Body Scan for Follow-up of Well-Differehtiated Thyroid Cancer, Archives of Internal Medicine 150 (1990): 437-39.
- A. Brander, P. Viikinkoski, J. Nickels, et al., Thyroid Gland: U.S. Screening in a Random Adult Population, Radiology 181 (1991): 683-87.
- F. S. Greenspan, The Role of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy in the Management of Palpable Thyroid Nodules, Pathology Patterns 108, no. 4, suppl. (1997): S26-S30.
- M. Boignon and D. Moyer, Solitary Thyroid Nodules: Separating Benign from Malignant Conditions, Postgraduate Medicine 98, no. 2 (1995): 73-80.
- R. M. Tuttle, H. Lemar, and H. B. Burch, Clinical Features Associated with an Increased Risk of Thyroid Malignancy in Patients with Follicular Neoplasia by FineNeedle Aspiration, Thyroid 8, no. 5 (1998): 377-83.
- E. Papini, L. Petrucci, R. Guglielmi, et al., Long-Term Changes in Nodular Goiter: A 5-Year Prospective Randomized Trial of Levothyroxine Suppressive Therapy for Benign Cold Thyroid Nodules, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 83 (1998): 780-83.
- A. E. Schwartz, O. H. Clark, P. Ituarte, et al., Therapeutic Controversy: Thyroid Surgery-The Choice, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 83 , no. 4 (1998): 1097-1105.
- L. A. Burmeister, R. P. du Cret, and C. N. Mariash, Local Reactions to Radioiodine in the Treatment of Thyroid Cancer, American Journal of Medicine 90 (1991): 217-22.
- P. W. Ladenson, L. E. Braverman, E. L. Mazzaferri, et al., Comparison of Administration of Recombinant Human Thyrotropin with Withdrawal of Thyroid Hormone for Radioactive lodine Scanning in Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma, New England Journal of Medicine 337, no. 13 (1997): 888-96.
- J. D. Pineda, T. Lee, K. Ain, et al., lodine-131 Therapy for Thyroid Cancer Patients with Elevated Thyroglobulin and Negative Diagnostic Scan, Journ:al of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 80 (1995): 1488-92.
- P. Hall, L. E. Holm, G. Lundell, et al., Cancer Risks in Thyroid Cancer Patients, British Journal of Cancer 64 (1991): 159-63.
参考文献《第21章》
- S. I. Sherman, P. Nadkarni, and R. Arem, Outcomes of a Community TSH Screening Program (abstract presented at the Seventy-ninth Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Minneapolis, June 11, 1997).
- M. D. Danese, N. R. Powe, C. T. Sawin, et al., Screening for Mild Thyroid Failure at the Periodic Health Examination: A Decision and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Journal of the American Medical Association 276 (1996): 285-92.
- L. H. Fish, The Role of the Endocrinologist in Patient Care: Indications for Specialty Consultations and Management, Endocrine News 20, no. 2 (1995): 3.
- L. Wartofsky, The Scope and Impact of Thyroid Disease, Clinical Chemistry 42 (1996): 121-24.